5 thoughts on “The evolution of traditional Chinese costumes”
Judy
1. During the transition period of clothing in the Sui and Tang dynasties The dynasties during the Sui and Tang dynasties due to the stable development of political economy, the change of clothing during this period was a historical transition period. The source of historical costumes, the Scriptures of the next world clothing system. The men's common clothes are crickets, robes, and long boots. But at this time, the robes are slightly different from the front dynasty. 2, the clothing of the Song Dynasty tended to be conservative The clothing in the Song Dynasty, which followed the former Tang Dynasty, but there was a slight difference in clothing style and name. There are two types of lack of robe in the Song Dynasty: wide -sleeved body and narrow sleeve tight. The habits of wearing gardenia and half -arms are extremely common, but they cannot be worn as a dress.
3, the clothing of Liao Jinyuan period The clothing system of Liao, Gold, and Yuan Dynasty has both Han people's dress systems and their own national characteristics. Most of the men's clothing of the Liao Jin is a round neck, a lack of sleeves, wearing uniform boots or pointed boots, wearing pants, and waist bands. The costumes of men in the Yuan Dynasty include Han's round neck and intersection robe, as well as the grandson of the nation. Its shape is similar to deep clothes, narrow sleeves, short clothes, and under knee. Fold, shaped like today's pleated skirt, and also adds horizontal pupa on the waist. 4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the change of clothing The costumes of the Ming Dynasty combined with some elements in the form of Song and Yuan clothing on the basis of the Tang Dynasty costumes, and generated their own dynasty costumes. Because the political ideas of the Ming Dynasty reached the unprecedented conservative of China, the style of the Ming Dynasty's clothing became restrained.
5, from the Republic of China to nearly modern Until the Opium War, the world forcibly opened the gate of China. After the introduction of Western clothing in the late Qing Dynasty, the Chinese costumes changed dramatically. Western clothing and robes and horse gowns can be seen everywhere in China in the late Qing Dynasty. Since the Revolution of 1911, the emergence of Zhongshan dress and cheongsam is the most powerful product of the combination of China and the West. Extension information: Hanfu culture: The traditional clothing Hanfu has two basic forms, namely the top and underwear system and clothing conjunction. The underwear system, legendary from the legendary Yellow Emperor's era. The painting of culture was confirmed. This can be said to be the basic form of China's earliest clothes system. The clothes under the shirt, according to "Release Name · Display Clothing", contains: "Every clothes on the clothes. Clothing, Yiyi, people depends on the cold and heat. . "The shape of the top is mostly the right -handed right. This system has a great impact on future generations. Reference materials: Baidu Encyclopedia — Chinese traditional clothing
1. Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods · Shenyi robe
This of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, the social environment of "hundreds of schools" also has a different degree of impact on clothing. At this time, a kind of clothing connected to the clothes -deep clothes.
In Spring and Autumn to the Han Dynasty, Qu Yan deep clothes, straight deep clothes are the main styles of deep clothes. Deep clothing to undertake the underwear is a kind of clothes formulated according to the etiquette, so it has always been loved by scholars and doctors. The round sleeve collar is adopted to show the rules, which means that you need to do the rules; the vertical backline to show that the person is upright; the hem of the level should be fair. 2, Hanfu · Yiyi Guangxu Hanfu Hanfu since ancient dresses, clothing, and short sleeves. When Westerners use chest armor and skirts to restrain women's physical development, the wide Hanfu has achieved the characteristics of letting the body stretch at will. The sleeves of Hanfu are also known as "袂". Its shape is more unique in the history of the entire world's national clothing. The sleeves are round, which means that the sky round sleeves in the Tianyuan place are wide and long is a significant feature of the dress type in Hanfu. Hanfu's dresses are generally wide -sleeved, showing gracefulness, elegance, solemn, elegant and agile, and elegant and agile. Style. The overall clothing system that combines clothes, first clothes, hair, hair, face decoration, shoes, shoes, accessories, etc., condenses the outstanding craftsmanship and aesthetics of weaving, wax dyeing, clamping, and splendid of Chinese culture. Alas, the original justice placket. The left front placket was covered with the right axillary belt, covering the right placket inward, called the right, vice versa. This is the tradition of "crossing the right", and it is also inseparable from the "right to the right" in China. The most typical collar of Hanfu is the "handling right", the placket crosses the chest, and the placket on the left side holds the placket on the right side. Effect. 3, the north and south dynasties · Hua Hui Fei The Wei and Jin Dynasties, the clothes of the Eastern Han Dynasty pursuing a prosperous and luxurious style, and beside it to decorate the ribbon. The clothing looks elegant, this is the "Hua Fei Fei" in the reign. Women's clothing has a long skirt, a large sleeve, stacked layer by layer, showing an elegant and elegant style. The styles are mostly frugal, tightly fitted, the cuffs are hypertrophy, the skirt is a multi -fold skirt, the skirt is long, and the hem is loose, so as to achieve the handsome and chic effect. Coupled with the rich jewelry, it reflects the luxurious wind. 4, Tang · Beam Luo Half -shirt The fabrics of the Tang Dynasty clothing system are mostly silk fabrics, but how much the materials are used, the skirt waist is improved, some can cover the chest, the lower body is only on The tube top and the outer gauze shirt, causing the upper body to be faintly revealed.
This style can achieve a different elegant effect regardless of whether it is plump or thin. Tips big -sleeved shirts, elegant atmosphere. It fully reflects the prosperous, magnificent and atmospheric cultural characteristics of the Tang Dynasty, and presents the aesthetic style that was gorgeous and open at that time. This clothing is the style of the middle and late Tang Dynasty and has been passed on to the fifth generation.
5, Qing · flag installation
Manchu women are "flag installation", combed flags, wearing "flower pot bottom" flag shoes. Long -term is mainly used in the court and the royal family. The flag is decorated with craftsmanship such as full printing, embroidery and 裥. The placket, collar side, and sleeve are decorated with rolling embroidery. has become extremely popular since the Qing Dynasty. Wear clothing outside the clothes, shirts or cotton robes. The style and colors of the flagman's women in the shoulder and gown are very particular about being able to harmonize the cheongsam in the cheongsam inside, comparable to dumplings, flowing clouds, and breeze in their sleeves. Suitable for three or five travels, daily wear, elegant and light, free and free. 6, the Republic of China · short jacket skirt This During the period of the Republic of China, the characteristics of their clothing characteristics are mainly jacket skirts, clothes and skirts are separated, clothes are wide sleeves and slanted. The tall and towering collar has the remaining taste of the late Qing Dynasty. The sleeves are wide but can show slender wrists. The design of the oblique placket highlights the characteristics of ancient Chinese clothing. At that time, girls' school uniforms, light blue tops, mysterious skirts, white yarn socks, and rounded cloth shoes, all with the mark unique to that era. 7, the Republic of China · Cheongsam The Republic of China cheongsam is an innovation in the history of Chinese women's clothing in the history of Chinese women's clothing. This period is a period of historical transformation in Chinese society. In many texts about the old Shanghai style, you can always see wooden floors, old vine chairs, and meticulous long cheongsam and nylon stockings in the middle of summer. Gradually tighten the natural curve beauty of women's chest, waist, and hips. Extension information The traditional Chinese clothing is the traditional clothing of the Chinese people. It is known as the representative of Chinese national and Chinese clothing. It is a valuable wealth created by the Chinese nation and even human society. There are two basic forms of traditional clothing, namely the top of the shirt and the clothing of the clothes. This underwear system, which is said to be in the legendary Yellow Emperor's era. The pottery culture unearthed in Gansu was confirmed. This can be said to be the basic form of China's earliest clothes system. Hanfu is the representative of traditional Chinese costumes. It is the embodiment of China's "top country", "State of Etiquette", "Splendid China", and Cyris State. Xiang China Intangible Cultural Heritage and Protested Chinese Arts and Crafts. Reference information Source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Chinese traditional clothing
The evolution of ancient Chinese clothing is a story of human development. The picture below in this article.
The first talk about what is clothing Baidu word entry: decorative human items generally name. Including clothing, shoes, hats, socks, gloves, scarves, ties, bags, umbrellas, hair accessories, etc. The ancients were used to cover up, and today people have continued to improve their understanding of new things, and the materials of clothing have a variety of styles. This explanation: 1. The decoration of the jade. Refers to the color pads of the jade. "Zhou Li · Chunguan · Daorui": "Differential names, instead of using it, set up their costumes." Zheng Xuan Note: "The decoration of clothing is borrowed." Cui Yan "Lu Ji": " Returning, Minghuan Peiyu is glory. " 2. clothes and decoration. "Han Book · Zhang Fang Biography": "Put the queen's brother Ping En Hou Xu Jianu, and give Zhang for Zhang, give Jia Di, fill the public clothing, the name of the emperor, the queen marry the daughter." Song Guozhen " "Volume" Volume 2: "Ask the woman's clothing shape, it is also his dead wife cluster Tu Temple." . It is also a cheap prostitute clothing. "Cao Yu's" Wang Zhaojun "second:" Hugh Lales is about forty years old ... His gorgeous clothing is very inconsistent with his shrinking appearance. "The Book of Songs. ":" Successful people, clothes and brocade. The son of Qi Hou, the wife of Wei Hou. The sister of the East Palace, the aunt of Xing Hou, Tan Gongwei. The rhinoceros, the first moth eyebrow, Qiaoqian Qianqian, beautiful eyes. The master of the master, said on the farm of the farm. Four bears are arrogant, Zhu Xi gets ways. Yangyang, the northliu is alive. Shi Yan 濊 濊 濊, 鳣 鲔 鲔 鲔 鲔. 葭菼 葭菼, ginger sin, the priests have 朅. " 3. Han Yingyu's "Customs Tong · Zheng Lai · Ye Ling Temple": "Qiao said: 'The emperor wants to call me alone!' Bathing clothing, sleep in it, cover it."
Why humans wear clothing? (Um, this problem is too profound) Of course, clothes are not equal to clothing. The protection: mainly to drive cold and keep warm, avoid mosquito bites, etc. (Personally, this is suitable for early humans.) The shame said: Swicks similar to Adam Eve in the Bible, thinking that humans are dressed to cover up ashamed. (This is obviously the way of thinking of modern people) The attraction of the opposite sex: is the opposite of shame, thinking that dressing is to attract the attention of human beings. (We are not peacocks, do we open the screen to attract the opposite sex? Of course there is) The landscap said: The thinks that human beings are dressed to make them look more beautiful. (Same as above) The saying: The explanation from the perspective of mythology and culture. (I dare to be sure that this must be the argument of religious people) . My answer is: if you want to wear it.
It enter the topic, what is the evolution of human clothing, clothing design and decorative patterns originated from life and formed to people's ideas. Human society is constantly progressing and development. The earlier clothing of ancient times. Men's early leaves cover the body. Later, with the continuous development of the hunting economy, people can get more prey than before, leaving the fur to cover the body.
With the passage of time, people's love of beauty is constantly excavated, because the color, quality, and patterns of fur and plants are constantly stimulating the quality of beauty. Therefore, in ancient times, although the clothing was mainly functional, in the long years, the aesthetic ability and beauty of the working people have been cultivated. (If you do n’t keep the original style, you do n’t play mosaic. Of course, your friends can automatically ignore which discordant factors can be ignored).
It, from my Tianchao, my country's clothing has gone through thousands of years of development and has a long history. So the question is, what is the traditional Chinese costume, Hanfu? Tang costume? NO, personal point of view is the so -called "traditional clothing" is a diverse tolerance concept, not only Hanfu but also ethnic clothing. Huaxia clothing in summer, business, and weekly The form of clothing in the original era, although the discovery of individual archeological data, is not allowed to explain the clothing in this period because of the small materials. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the clothing of the Central Plains Huaxia was a shirt under the clothes, and the right was right. The stone carving slave statue unearthed in Anyang, Henan, wearing a flat hat, wearing a right -handed collar clothes, a skirt, a waist band, wrapped in legs, and tiered shoes. This generally reflects the situation of the clothing on behalf of the Shang Dynasty. The early -week ritual work and music, detailed provisions of the nobility and the people's crown service system, and the rulers show their respect and majesty with strict grade clothing. Deep clothes and crowns began in the Zhou Dynasty. These two types of clothing have had a profound impact on future generations. The figure below is the twelve -line chapter.
In the entire "pre -Qin" era, the Spring and Autumn Period belonged to slavery society, and after the Warring States Period, it entered the feudal society. With the expansion of social division of labor, various handicraft industries have been greatly developed, and the so -called "bronze civilization" has appeared. With the development of bronze civilization, its patterns are gradually applied to the design of people's daily clothing, and they continue to develop with the progress of society.
The traditional crown service system is still popular in the Han Dynasty deep clothes established in the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty was the establishment of the traditional crown service system. The pants of the Han Dynasty were open crotch, pants, and ancient. "Said the text": "胫, tibia also." "Shi Ming · Shi Clothing": "绔, cross also, the two spans the other." It can be seen that at that time Or deep clothes. Although full of crotch pants, the open crotch pants still exist for a long time. It in the decoration of clothing fabric patterns, the organizational form of the business, the center of the Zhou Dynasty, and the continuous pattern of the center of the Zhou Dynasty appeared in the composition of overlapping, interspersed up and down, and extension on all sides. Methods, deforming eclecticly, forming lively cloud patterns, bird patterns and dragon patterns. The use of this clothing pattern has gone through the most primitive pursuit of beauty, to the worship of totems, and the symbol of power and status. This development process has reached the subjective art processing and creation situation of people. In other words, the pattern as a clothing decoration is not only a symbol of beauty, but more prominently showing its artistic appreciation value, although it covers a layer of power -level colors (that is, class color). For this reason, we said that when the apparel pattern was used in the Han Dynasty, he had a high artistic expression. It, with the reinforcement of the cultural tradition of yin and yang and the five elements, "five o'clock color" appeared in the Han Dynasty, which was used to wear it when you were greeted: Lichun, Bai Guan went to the east suburbs The crown service is all blue; in the summer, the official goes to the southern suburbs to welcome the summer and wear red; on the 18th day of the beginning of autumn, it is the emperor's soil and the use of yellow; , Wear white clothing. On the beginning of winter, the official went to the northern suburbs to welcome the winter and wore black clothing. In addition, the Han Dynasty also stipulated the basis for distinguishing the type of crown hat, seal and color as the official level.
The popularity of Hu clothing during the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties
The period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Southern Dynasties, is another period of great transformation in the history of ancient Chinese clothing. As a large number of ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains region, Hu Fu has become a commonplace of society. The costumes of ordinary people are the most affected by Hu clothing. They absorbed the narrow sleeves tight, round neck, slit and other factors into the original clothing. The nobles of the Han nationality also changed on the basis of the Hu clothing. The method was to extend its length, increase the cuffs and pants, and change the left to the right. But the dress is still a traditional form of Han dresses.
The transition period of clothing during the Sui and Tang dynasties The in the Sui and Tang dynasties, due to the stability and prosperity of political and economic stability, it enabled it to inherit the source of historical clothing, and the subsequent latter clothing system was launched. Scriptures, so this period has become an important historical period for the development of ancient Chinese clothing systems. The men's common clothes are crickets, robes, and long boots. But at this time, the robes are slightly different from the front dynasty. In addition, there are routing shirts and lack of robe shirts. This kind of robe is mainly influenced by Hu's clothing, and combines the habits and etiquette characteristics of the Han nationality, forming the style of robes in this period.
The clothing in the Song Dynasty tended to be conservative The clothing in the Song Dynasty, which followed the Tang system, but slightly different in clothing style and name. There are two types of lack of robe in the Song Dynasty: wide -sleeved body and narrow sleeve tight. The habits of wearing gardenia and half -arms are extremely common, but they cannot be worn as a dress. In general, the clothing of the Song Dynasty was more restrained and conservative, and the color was not as bright as before, giving people a sense of simplicity, cleanliness, and elegance. This was closely related to the social conditions of the time, especially the influence of Cheng Zhu Lixue. It the rulers of the Song Dynasty also had harsh grades in clothing in order to maintain a high -grade relationship and the solemn purpose of long -standing. After Renzong ascended the throne, he "simply bowed", and in the three years of the year (1025), "" In the Jingshi, you must not wear black brown white flowers and blue, yellow, and purple land. Women must not put white and brown brown brown Mao section and pale brown puppets make clothes. The clothing fabrics in the Song Dynasty are mainly silk fabrics. The varieties include brocades, flowers, yarn, Luo, silk, silk silk, etc. , Eight -colored dizziness, six halo, tray blankets with combined geometric patterns. Geometric sunflower, cluster four gold sculptures, big horses horses, snowflake blanket roads, Shuangyun cloud geese, etc. The world music (the lantern brocade is created by Wen Yanbo in Chengdu for the charming Renzong Zhang Guifei). The character theme of Yi Nan Baihua, etc. The theme of the flower and birds of the flower and birds, the real red wearing flowers and phoenixes, the real red big flower peacock, the green green and the grass cloud crane Wait. Flower theme Ruyi Peony, Hibiscus, Chonglian, Real Red Cherry, Real Red Water Forests, etc. The animal theme lion, cloud geese, Tianma, goldfish, 鸂鶒, Xiangyu, etc. , Back pattern, Fangsheng, Polka, persimmon, jujube flowers, etc. Influenced by the painting of flowers and birds in the painting academy in the Song Dynasty, the shape of the pattern tended to be realistic, and the composition was tight. , During the Yuan Dynasty The costumes of Liao, Gold, Gold, and Yuan Dynasties not only followed the Han Dynasty's dress system, but also the characteristics of their own nation The costumes of Liao, Jin, and Yuan Dynasty have a common feature, which not only follows the Han and Tang dynasties. The dress system with the Song Dynasty also has the characteristics of its own nation. Most of the men's clothing of Liaoning and Jin is mostly round neck and sleeves, with uniform boots or pointed boots, pants, and waist bands. Men in the Yuan Dynasty. The costumes include the round neck of the Han nationality, the intersection robe, and the grandson of the nation. The shape of the nation is similar to the deep clothes. It is like today's pleated skirt with horizontal pupa on the waist. The collar type has a right -handed collar, square collar, and disk collar. Wear small pants, wears seam boots. Lord. In addition, the Yuan Dynasty costumes have changed significantly. Due to the widespread planting of cotton, cotton cloth becomes the main variety of clothing materials. Heilongjiang, Songhua River Basin and Changbai Mountain areas, until the Sui and Tang dynasties, lived a clan tribe based on fishing and hunting. The leader of the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry established a slavery regime in Huining (now Acheng County, Heilongjiang) near the tiger water. The national name was "gold". Later Finally captured Emperor Liao Tianyu in 1125 to completely overthrow the rule of Liaoning. That is, the New Year's Eve, Jin Taizong Wu Qi Buy (that is, Yan Sheng) sent troops to south to pound the Song Dynasty, and he wanted gold, silver, cattle and horses, and satin thousands of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds. Wan, and ceded Taiyuan, Zhongshan, Hejian and other towns. Faced with the decaying Song Dynasty, Jin Bing thought it was organic, but he passed the Yellow River in half a year, surrounded the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and took the emperor, concubine, and hundred workers. Robbing treasure ancient artifacts. After a few years of confrontation with the Southern Song Dynasty, they were The Mongolian army was destroyed. This is still white, thinking that white is clean, and at the same time, it is also related to the cold and snowy days and the skin of the skin. The rich takes more mink and green rats, foxes, lambs, and the poor are served with fur, horses, pupa, dogs, and 麇. Summer uses silk and Jinluo as a shirt. Men's braids are drooping their shoulders, women's braids are also having hair, but the style is different from Liaoning. Earlobe gold and silver bead jade is decorated. The woman wears a black or purple skirt with a group shirt, straight collar, left, and a black skirt, and the golden branches are embroidered on the skirt. It is also a slightly different from the Han style, most of which are color columns, and they are brushed to the ground. "Renewal and Tongzhong Jian" contains: "The gold master between the main roads says that the claims of the court, 'today's swallow drinks, the music is all learned from the Han style, and it is not good." From this point of view, the nation is wrong. Between the living, sometimes the affected by each other is a mix of customs, which is for the general trend, not one or two people can reverse at will. The golden people are still cremating, so there are not many leftovers. The analysis of the clothing painted from the Golden Man "Wen Ji Return to Han Tu" should be painted by Xi Shang at the time. Time characteristics. Wearing a mink hat, a ring of ears, a long braid on each ears, a half -sleeve on the upper body, a straight collar inside, a high -footed boots, and a neck surrounded by cloud shoulders. In 1988, dozens of men and women's silk fabrics were unearthed from the tomb of King Jinqi, Giantyuan Township, Acheng, Heilongjiang Province. The workmanship showed a strong workmanship and showed a strong northern ethnic characteristics. Among them, one pair of embroidered shoes, 23 cm long, with camel Luo and green Luo, embroidered branches of Xingcao pattern, the toe is slightly pointed, and upturned. The soles of the hemp are thicker, and the soles are lined with beige dark flowers.
Carn inheritance in the Ming Dynasty clothing inherited the previous generation.
The costumes of the Ming Dynasty were generally followed by the Tang system, but some styles in the form of Song and Yuan clothing were also retained. Puzu Zhu Yuanzhang restricted the color of clothing, and established the grade. After the Yuan Dynasty, after the Yuan Dynasty, the French Zhou, Han, Tang, and Song Dynasty, the color of the service was still red. Officials are respected by red. At that time, it was also determined that the three colors of Xuan, Huang, and Purple were dedicated to the royal family, and the easy -to -approach clothing of the officials was not allowed to use these three colors. The decorative pattern of clothing requires the unity of beauty and content auspiciousness, which is the characteristic of my country's clothing art. Since the development of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, with the development of science, the tendency of reflection of ideology in the field of decorative art has become increasingly strengthened. The political ethics, moral concepts, value concepts, and religious concepts of society are combined with the image of decorative patterns to express a certain degree of performance. Specific meaning is almost intentional, and the meaning must be auspicious. Later, the pattern industry called them "auspicious patterns". Auspicious patterns use symbols, meaning, comparison, table number, harmony, text and other methods to express its ideological and meaning.
As a cultural form, clothing runs through the history of ancient China. From the evolution of clothing, we can see the changes in history, the development of the economy, and the change of the aesthetic awareness of Chinese culture. Whether it is the "majestic and solemn" of Shang, Zhou's "order", the "freshness" of the Warring States Period, the "dignity" of Han, the "thin and gorgeous" of the Tang Dynasty, the "rational beauty" of the Tang Dynasty, the "rational beauty" of Song The "tough and magnificent", the bright "thick and beautiful", and the "delicateness" of the clear, all reflect the aesthetic design tendency and ideological connotation of the ancient Chinese. However, the aesthetic design tendency and aesthetic consciousness of a certain period are not produced by out of thin air. It must be rooted in a specific era. In the chaotic and complex social real life, only this specific aesthetic consciousness is placed in a specific social and historical context In addition to investigation, it can see its original appearance. . The order of order -from the Summer Solstice Western Zhou Dynasty The weekly dynasty as the strongest slavery dynasty, in order to consolidate the rule, it has formulated a very detailed set of etiquette to regulate the society, stabilize the world in the world, and stabilize the world. Essence It is manifested in clothing. If you wear different clothes in different occasions, there are sacrifice dresses, suits, consumers, funeral clothes, wedding dresses. These clothing strictly distinguishes the difference between Tianzi and bureaucrats, nobles, and civilians, forming a set of crowning system models, affecting the costume culture of feudal society since the Zhou Dynasty. Since then, the clothing has begun to identify the social role of everyone in order to "divide the expensive and cheap, don't wait for power." Western Zhou clothing . From hundreds of flowers to the same -the consensus — the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods to the Qin and Han dynasties The rise of the seven kingdoms during the Warring States Period, each independent. In terms of clothing, each shows its local style and cultural style, in the state of "all flowers", showing a gorgeous and colorful scene. For example, Chunshen Jun's 3,000 diners are all beads with Zhu Qun; Plain Jun Holy Palace is hundreds of, and the concubines are covered with Qi Ganyan; the guards of the guard palace wearing black coats; Fang Ling, and so on. With the unity of the country during the Qin and Han dynasties, the costume style gradually became consistent. In the second year of Emperor Yongping of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a system of sacrifice service system and service system were re -formulated, forming a formal complete and complete crown service system. three, Hu Han blend -Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties The period of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Southern Dynasties, part of China collapsed. It is precisely because of the war, the nomadic culture of the northern nation, the collision and integration of the culture of the western region and the Han culture, making Chinese clothing culture enter a period of pursuing fashion, Hu Han blending, and uniforms. At this time, because a large number of Hu people moved to the Central Plains to live, Hu Fu became a fashionable costume at that time. The tight, round neck, and split in Hanfu are the characteristics of the Hu Fu. At the same time, due to the influence of advanced Han culture and atmosphere, all ethnic groups in the Northern Dynasties have promoted the Chinese movement and admired the Han clothing clothing, forming the situation of "all ministers all serve the Han and Wei clothing". . The open romance and colorful -during the period of the Fifth Dynasties of the Sui and Tang Dynasties The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of the feudal society in my country. Romantic Tang Dynasty costume. In particular, women's clothing in the Tang Dynasty was the best among all ages. The women's clothing in the Tang Dynasty was bright in color, graceful shape, and magnificent dress and accessories. Such as the long scarf "帔" on the shoulder on the shirt and skirt. There are also special short -sleeved and half -arm shirts, wearing outside the gown. This dress makes the Tang Dynasty women's clothing formed very open -chest, naked arms, gauze, big sleeves, long skirts and other extremely open styles. five. Simply and conservative -the Song Dynasty The rulers of the Song Dynasty paid attention to the governance, and tried to respect Cheng Zhu Lixue. The purpose is to remove any consciousness of people. This concept of science affects people's dress, which has made the Song Dynasty's clothing changing the characteristics of Tang Dynasty's clothing and magnificent, magnificent and magnificent. The clothing shape is closed and restrained. The color is serious and elegant, and the color tone tends to be single. In addition, during the Song Dynasty, the sides continued to suffer, the weak and incompetent of the ruler, the growth of the bureaucratic team and the army, and forming a situation of poverty and weakness. To this end, the ruler's three orders were required to be simple and indifferent to the extravagance, thus forming a rustic in the future. The elegance is the aesthetic standard for the generation. 6. Different places Hufeng — . As another climax of ethnic integration in ancient history, the costumes of this period not only reflect the characteristics of the nomadic people, but also have a fusion color. Most of the clothing uses wool fabrics and is simple and practical, and it is easy to fight immediately. The party's women women have more lapels; the Khitan and Jurchen family generally wear narrow -sleeved round neck knee coats, with long boots. The Yuan service absorbs the form of the Song service. The official service style is special in narrow sleeves, collar, and sewing, which is unique. Seven. Inheritance innovation — Zhu Yuanzhang unified the world and established the Daming Empire. First of all, the Hu clothes were forbidden, and then in the name of Ming Taizu: the clothing crown was as well as the Tang Dynasty. There are also regulations on the people's men's clothing. Adults wear large and long -standing long clothes, and wearing square towels on their heads. The on the eve of the transformation of ancient civilization to modern civilization in the Qing Dynasty, it was also the largest era in the history of clothing. The premise of ladies' cheongsam. The Qing Dynasty was a era of integration of Manchu culture. Since the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Manchu and Han each have been imitated. In the later period, the Manchu ethnic groups followed the popularity of the Han nationality, and even the history books had a record of "Most of the Banners changed the Chinese dress, and the robe was cut as short clothes."
The most important changes in clothing during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are the extensive popularity of deep clothes and the emergence of Hu clothing. The war during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period promoted the reform of the Han people's wide clothes and long skirts and robes. For the combat effectiveness of the army, King Zhao Wuling broke through the resistance and ordered the short trousers of nomadic nomads across the country to learn riding and shooting. Finally, Zhao Guo was strong. This is the first clothing reform in Chinese history, and Hu Fu has prevailed. With Hu Fu, there is also a hook, which is used to end the leather belt. Because it is more convenient than the knotting method of the leather belt, it will soon become popular. The knowledge: "Hu" is a vague term. In different historical periods, sometimes it refers to the Huns, sometimes refers to the nomads from northeast to northwest, and sometimes even wider. Therefore, Hu clothing refers to the clothing of northern nomads in China. For the needs of nomadic riding, they wear narrow sleeves, trousers and boots. Shen Kuo said: "The crown of China has been using Hu clothes since the Northern Qi." The word "full", or the words are a bit too much, but the development of Hu Fu's development of Han clothing does have a huge impact. The costumes of the Liao, Gold, and Golden period are not only attacked the Han Dynasty's dress system, but also the characteristics of the nation. With the characteristics of the nation. Most of the men's clothing of the Liao Jin is a round neck, a lack of sleeves, wearing uniform boots or pointed boots, wearing pants, and waist bands. The costumes of men in the Yuan Dynasty include Han's round neck and intersection robe, as well as the grandson of the nation. Its shape is similar to deep clothes, narrow sleeves, short clothes, and under knee. Fold, shaped like today's pleated skirt, and also adds horizontal pupa on the waist. The collar type has the right -handed collar, square collar and disk collar. Put on small pants underneath, feet and seam boots. The color is white, blue, and 主. In addition, the Yuan Dynasty costumes have changed significantly in materials. Due to the widespread planting of cotton, cotton cloth has become the main variety of clothing materials. Inheriting the previous generation in the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty clothing had a greater impact on modern times? The costumes of the Ming Dynasty were generally followed by the Tang system, but some styles in the form of Song and Yuan clothing were also retained. The Qing Dynasty's clothing had a greater influence on the form of modern costumes. Different from any dynasty in the past, the Qing Dynasty was a dynasty, which mainly replaced the Han clothing, which was completely replaced by ethnic minority clothing. Han clothing gradually faded out of the historical stage. The Qing Dynasty men's clothing can be divided into two types: Manchu national costume; foreign and western clothing. The style of the Qing dynasty robe is changed on the basis of the Manchu tradition and absorbed the characteristics of Han clothing. Generally, the sleeves are relatively narrow and thin, and the dress is arrow sleeve, also known as horseshoe sleeves. The robe body is tied with buttons. The right placket, the round neck mouth. The robe of the royal family has the front and back of the four, and the man can only open the anger left and right. Horse hanging is a unique full -style clothing in the Qing Dynasty. Its style is mostly round neck, including plackets, plackets, pipa plackets and other styles. There are long -sleeved, short -sleeved, large sleeves, and narrow sleeves, but they are flat cuffs. It was not until the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Revolution of 1911 that China's clothing has changed significantly, entering the stage of modern clothing development.
1. During the transition period of clothing in the Sui and Tang dynasties
The dynasties during the Sui and Tang dynasties due to the stable development of political economy, the change of clothing during this period was a historical transition period. The source of historical costumes, the Scriptures of the next world clothing system. The men's common clothes are crickets, robes, and long boots. But at this time, the robes are slightly different from the front dynasty.
2, the clothing of the Song Dynasty tended to be conservative
The clothing in the Song Dynasty, which followed the former Tang Dynasty, but there was a slight difference in clothing style and name. There are two types of lack of robe in the Song Dynasty: wide -sleeved body and narrow sleeve tight. The habits of wearing gardenia and half -arms are extremely common, but they cannot be worn as a dress.
3, the clothing of Liao Jinyuan period
The clothing system of Liao, Gold, and Yuan Dynasty has both Han people's dress systems and their own national characteristics. Most of the men's clothing of the Liao Jin is a round neck, a lack of sleeves, wearing uniform boots or pointed boots, wearing pants, and waist bands. The costumes of men in the Yuan Dynasty include Han's round neck and intersection robe, as well as the grandson of the nation. Its shape is similar to deep clothes, narrow sleeves, short clothes, and under knee. Fold, shaped like today's pleated skirt, and also adds horizontal pupa on the waist.
4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the change of clothing
The costumes of the Ming Dynasty combined with some elements in the form of Song and Yuan clothing on the basis of the Tang Dynasty costumes, and generated their own dynasty costumes. Because the political ideas of the Ming Dynasty reached the unprecedented conservative of China, the style of the Ming Dynasty's clothing became restrained.
5, from the Republic of China to nearly modern
Until the Opium War, the world forcibly opened the gate of China. After the introduction of Western clothing in the late Qing Dynasty, the Chinese costumes changed dramatically. Western clothing and robes and horse gowns can be seen everywhere in China in the late Qing Dynasty. Since the Revolution of 1911, the emergence of Zhongshan dress and cheongsam is the most powerful product of the combination of China and the West.
Extension information:
Hanfu culture:
The traditional clothing Hanfu has two basic forms, namely the top and underwear system and clothing conjunction. The underwear system, legendary from the legendary Yellow Emperor's era. The painting of culture was confirmed.
This can be said to be the basic form of China's earliest clothes system. The clothes under the shirt, according to "Release Name · Display Clothing", contains: "Every clothes on the clothes. Clothing, Yiyi, people depends on the cold and heat. . "The shape of the top is mostly the right -handed right. This system has a great impact on future generations.
Reference materials: Baidu Encyclopedia — Chinese traditional clothing
1. Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods · Shenyi robe
This of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, the social environment of "hundreds of schools" also has a different degree of impact on clothing. At this time, a kind of clothing connected to the clothes -deep clothes.
In Spring and Autumn to the Han Dynasty, Qu Yan deep clothes, straight deep clothes are the main styles of deep clothes. Deep clothing to undertake the underwear is a kind of clothes formulated according to the etiquette, so it has always been loved by scholars and doctors. The round sleeve collar is adopted to show the rules, which means that you need to do the rules; the vertical backline to show that the person is upright; the hem of the level should be fair.
2, Hanfu · Yiyi Guangxu Hanfu Hanfu since ancient dresses, clothing, and short sleeves. When Westerners use chest armor and skirts to restrain women's physical development, the wide Hanfu has achieved the characteristics of letting the body stretch at will.
The sleeves of Hanfu are also known as "袂". Its shape is more unique in the history of the entire world's national clothing. The sleeves are round, which means that the sky round sleeves in the Tianyuan place are wide and long is a significant feature of the dress type in Hanfu. Hanfu's dresses are generally wide -sleeved, showing gracefulness, elegance, solemn, elegant and agile, and elegant and agile. Style.
The overall clothing system that combines clothes, first clothes, hair, hair, face decoration, shoes, shoes, accessories, etc., condenses the outstanding craftsmanship and aesthetics of weaving, wax dyeing, clamping, and splendid of Chinese culture. Alas, the original justice placket. The left front placket was covered with the right axillary belt, covering the right placket inward, called the right, vice versa.
This is the tradition of "crossing the right", and it is also inseparable from the "right to the right" in China. The most typical collar of Hanfu is the "handling right", the placket crosses the chest, and the placket on the left side holds the placket on the right side. Effect.
3, the north and south dynasties · Hua Hui Fei
The Wei and Jin Dynasties, the clothes of the Eastern Han Dynasty pursuing a prosperous and luxurious style, and beside it to decorate the ribbon. The clothing looks elegant, this is the "Hua Fei Fei" in the reign. Women's clothing has a long skirt, a large sleeve, stacked layer by layer, showing an elegant and elegant style.
The styles are mostly frugal, tightly fitted, the cuffs are hypertrophy, the skirt is a multi -fold skirt, the skirt is long, and the hem is loose, so as to achieve the handsome and chic effect. Coupled with the rich jewelry, it reflects the luxurious wind.
4, Tang · Beam Luo Half -shirt
The fabrics of the Tang Dynasty clothing system are mostly silk fabrics, but how much the materials are used, the skirt waist is improved, some can cover the chest, the lower body is only on The tube top and the outer gauze shirt, causing the upper body to be faintly revealed.
This style can achieve a different elegant effect regardless of whether it is plump or thin. Tips big -sleeved shirts, elegant atmosphere. It fully reflects the prosperous, magnificent and atmospheric cultural characteristics of the Tang Dynasty, and presents the aesthetic style that was gorgeous and open at that time. This clothing is the style of the middle and late Tang Dynasty and has been passed on to the fifth generation.
5, Qing · flag installation
Manchu women are "flag installation", combed flags, wearing "flower pot bottom" flag shoes. Long -term is mainly used in the court and the royal family. The flag is decorated with craftsmanship such as full printing, embroidery and 裥. The placket, collar side, and sleeve are decorated with rolling embroidery.
has become extremely popular since the Qing Dynasty. Wear clothing outside the clothes, shirts or cotton robes. The style and colors of the flagman's women in the shoulder and gown are very particular about being able to harmonize the cheongsam in the cheongsam inside, comparable to dumplings, flowing clouds, and breeze in their sleeves. Suitable for three or five travels, daily wear, elegant and light, free and free.
6, the Republic of China · short jacket skirt
This During the period of the Republic of China, the characteristics of their clothing characteristics are mainly jacket skirts, clothes and skirts are separated, clothes are wide sleeves and slanted. The tall and towering collar has the remaining taste of the late Qing Dynasty. The sleeves are wide but can show slender wrists.
The design of the oblique placket highlights the characteristics of ancient Chinese clothing. At that time, girls' school uniforms, light blue tops, mysterious skirts, white yarn socks, and rounded cloth shoes, all with the mark unique to that era.
7, the Republic of China · Cheongsam
The Republic of China cheongsam is an innovation in the history of Chinese women's clothing in the history of Chinese women's clothing. This period is a period of historical transformation in Chinese society.
In many texts about the old Shanghai style, you can always see wooden floors, old vine chairs, and meticulous long cheongsam and nylon stockings in the middle of summer. Gradually tighten the natural curve beauty of women's chest, waist, and hips.
Extension information
The traditional Chinese clothing is the traditional clothing of the Chinese people. It is known as the representative of Chinese national and Chinese clothing. It is a valuable wealth created by the Chinese nation and even human society. There are two basic forms of traditional clothing, namely the top of the shirt and the clothing of the clothes.
This underwear system, which is said to be in the legendary Yellow Emperor's era. The pottery culture unearthed in Gansu was confirmed.
This can be said to be the basic form of China's earliest clothes system. Hanfu is the representative of traditional Chinese costumes. It is the embodiment of China's "top country", "State of Etiquette", "Splendid China", and Cyris State. Xiang China Intangible Cultural Heritage and Protested Chinese Arts and Crafts.
Reference information Source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Chinese traditional clothing
The evolution of ancient Chinese clothing is a story of human development. The picture below in this article.
The first talk about what is clothing
Baidu word entry: decorative human items generally name. Including clothing, shoes, hats, socks, gloves, scarves, ties, bags, umbrellas, hair accessories, etc. The ancients were used to cover up, and today people have continued to improve their understanding of new things, and the materials of clothing have a variety of styles.
This explanation:
1. The decoration of the jade. Refers to the color pads of the jade. "Zhou Li · Chunguan · Daorui": "Differential names, instead of using it, set up their costumes." Zheng Xuan Note: "The decoration of clothing is borrowed." Cui Yan "Lu Ji": " Returning, Minghuan Peiyu is glory. "
2. clothes and decoration. "Han Book · Zhang Fang Biography": "Put the queen's brother Ping En Hou Xu Jianu, and give Zhang for Zhang, give Jia Di, fill the public clothing, the name of the emperor, the queen marry the daughter." Song Guozhen " "Volume" Volume 2: "Ask the woman's clothing shape, it is also his dead wife cluster Tu Temple." . It is also a cheap prostitute clothing. "Cao Yu's" Wang Zhaojun "second:" Hugh Lales is about forty years old ... His gorgeous clothing is very inconsistent with his shrinking appearance. "The Book of Songs. ":" Successful people, clothes and brocade. The son of Qi Hou, the wife of Wei Hou. The sister of the East Palace, the aunt of Xing Hou, Tan Gongwei. The rhinoceros, the first moth eyebrow, Qiaoqian Qianqian, beautiful eyes. The master of the master, said on the farm of the farm. Four bears are arrogant, Zhu Xi gets ways. Yangyang, the northliu is alive. Shi Yan 濊 濊 濊, 鳣 鲔 鲔 鲔 鲔. 葭菼 葭菼, ginger sin, the priests have 朅. "
3. Han Yingyu's "Customs Tong · Zheng Lai · Ye Ling Temple": "Qiao said: 'The emperor wants to call me alone!' Bathing clothing, sleep in it, cover it."
Why humans wear clothing? (Um, this problem is too profound) Of course, clothes are not equal to clothing.
The protection:
mainly to drive cold and keep warm, avoid mosquito bites, etc. (Personally, this is suitable for early humans.)
The shame said:
Swicks similar to Adam Eve in the Bible, thinking that humans are dressed to cover up ashamed. (This is obviously the way of thinking of modern people)
The attraction of the opposite sex:
is the opposite of shame, thinking that dressing is to attract the attention of human beings. (We are not peacocks, do we open the screen to attract the opposite sex? Of course there is)
The landscap said:
The thinks that human beings are dressed to make them look more beautiful. (Same as above)
The saying:
The explanation from the perspective of mythology and culture. (I dare to be sure that this must be the argument of religious people)
. My answer is: if you want to wear it.
It enter the topic, what is the evolution of human clothing, clothing design and decorative patterns originated from life and formed to people's ideas. Human society is constantly progressing and development.
The earlier clothing of ancient times.
Men's early leaves cover the body. Later, with the continuous development of the hunting economy, people can get more prey than before, leaving the fur to cover the body.
With the passage of time, people's love of beauty is constantly excavated, because the color, quality, and patterns of fur and plants are constantly stimulating the quality of beauty. Therefore, in ancient times, although the clothing was mainly functional, in the long years, the aesthetic ability and beauty of the working people have been cultivated. (If you do n’t keep the original style, you do n’t play mosaic. Of course, your friends can automatically ignore which discordant factors can be ignored).
It, from my Tianchao, my country's clothing has gone through thousands of years of development and has a long history. So the question is, what is the traditional Chinese costume, Hanfu? Tang costume? NO, personal point of view is the so -called "traditional clothing" is a diverse tolerance concept, not only Hanfu but also ethnic clothing.
Huaxia clothing in summer, business, and weekly
The form of clothing in the original era, although the discovery of individual archeological data, is not allowed to explain the clothing in this period because of the small materials. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the clothing of the Central Plains Huaxia was a shirt under the clothes, and the right was right. The stone carving slave statue unearthed in Anyang, Henan, wearing a flat hat, wearing a right -handed collar clothes, a skirt, a waist band, wrapped in legs, and tiered shoes. This generally reflects the situation of the clothing on behalf of the Shang Dynasty.
The early -week ritual work and music, detailed provisions of the nobility and the people's crown service system, and the rulers show their respect and majesty with strict grade clothing. Deep clothes and crowns began in the Zhou Dynasty. These two types of clothing have had a profound impact on future generations. The figure below is the twelve -line chapter.
In the entire "pre -Qin" era, the Spring and Autumn Period belonged to slavery society, and after the Warring States Period, it entered the feudal society. With the expansion of social division of labor, various handicraft industries have been greatly developed, and the so -called "bronze civilization" has appeared. With the development of bronze civilization, its patterns are gradually applied to the design of people's daily clothing, and they continue to develop with the progress of society.
The traditional crown service system is still popular in the Han Dynasty deep clothes established in the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty was the establishment of the traditional crown service system. The pants of the Han Dynasty were open crotch, pants, and ancient. "Said the text": "胫, tibia also." "Shi Ming · Shi Clothing": "绔, cross also, the two spans the other." It can be seen that at that time Or deep clothes. Although full of crotch pants, the open crotch pants still exist for a long time.
It in the decoration of clothing fabric patterns, the organizational form of the business, the center of the Zhou Dynasty, and the continuous pattern of the center of the Zhou Dynasty appeared in the composition of overlapping, interspersed up and down, and extension on all sides. Methods, deforming eclecticly, forming lively cloud patterns, bird patterns and dragon patterns. The use of this clothing pattern has gone through the most primitive pursuit of beauty, to the worship of totems, and the symbol of power and status. This development process has reached the subjective art processing and creation situation of people. In other words, the pattern as a clothing decoration is not only a symbol of beauty, but more prominently showing its artistic appreciation value, although it covers a layer of power -level colors (that is, class color). For this reason, we said that when the apparel pattern was used in the Han Dynasty, he had a high artistic expression.
It, with the reinforcement of the cultural tradition of yin and yang and the five elements, "five o'clock color" appeared in the Han Dynasty, which was used to wear it when you were greeted: Lichun, Bai Guan went to the east suburbs The crown service is all blue; in the summer, the official goes to the southern suburbs to welcome the summer and wear red; on the 18th day of the beginning of autumn, it is the emperor's soil and the use of yellow; , Wear white clothing. On the beginning of winter, the official went to the northern suburbs to welcome the winter and wore black clothing. In addition, the Han Dynasty also stipulated the basis for distinguishing the type of crown hat, seal and color as the official level.
The popularity of Hu clothing during the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties
The period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Southern Dynasties, is another period of great transformation in the history of ancient Chinese clothing. As a large number of ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains region, Hu Fu has become a commonplace of society. The costumes of ordinary people are the most affected by Hu clothing. They absorbed the narrow sleeves tight, round neck, slit and other factors into the original clothing. The nobles of the Han nationality also changed on the basis of the Hu clothing. The method was to extend its length, increase the cuffs and pants, and change the left to the right. But the dress is still a traditional form of Han dresses.
The transition period of clothing during the Sui and Tang dynasties
The in the Sui and Tang dynasties, due to the stability and prosperity of political and economic stability, it enabled it to inherit the source of historical clothing, and the subsequent latter clothing system was launched. Scriptures, so this period has become an important historical period for the development of ancient Chinese clothing systems. The men's common clothes are crickets, robes, and long boots. But at this time, the robes are slightly different from the front dynasty. In addition, there are routing shirts and lack of robe shirts. This kind of robe is mainly influenced by Hu's clothing, and combines the habits and etiquette characteristics of the Han nationality, forming the style of robes in this period.
The clothing in the Song Dynasty tended to be conservative
The clothing in the Song Dynasty, which followed the Tang system, but slightly different in clothing style and name. There are two types of lack of robe in the Song Dynasty: wide -sleeved body and narrow sleeve tight. The habits of wearing gardenia and half -arms are extremely common, but they cannot be worn as a dress. In general, the clothing of the Song Dynasty was more restrained and conservative, and the color was not as bright as before, giving people a sense of simplicity, cleanliness, and elegance. This was closely related to the social conditions of the time, especially the influence of Cheng Zhu Lixue.
It the rulers of the Song Dynasty also had harsh grades in clothing in order to maintain a high -grade relationship and the solemn purpose of long -standing. After Renzong ascended the throne, he "simply bowed", and in the three years of the year (1025), "" In the Jingshi, you must not wear black brown white flowers and blue, yellow, and purple land. Women must not put white and brown brown brown Mao section and pale brown puppets make clothes.
The clothing fabrics in the Song Dynasty are mainly silk fabrics. The varieties include brocades, flowers, yarn, Luo, silk, silk silk, etc. , Eight -colored dizziness, six halo, tray blankets with combined geometric patterns. Geometric sunflower, cluster four gold sculptures, big horses horses, snowflake blanket roads, Shuangyun cloud geese, etc. The world music (the lantern brocade is created by Wen Yanbo in Chengdu for the charming Renzong Zhang Guifei). The character theme of Yi Nan Baihua, etc. The theme of the flower and birds of the flower and birds, the real red wearing flowers and phoenixes, the real red big flower peacock, the green green and the grass cloud crane Wait. Flower theme Ruyi Peony, Hibiscus, Chonglian, Real Red Cherry, Real Red Water Forests, etc. The animal theme lion, cloud geese, Tianma, goldfish, 鸂鶒, Xiangyu, etc. , Back pattern, Fangsheng, Polka, persimmon, jujube flowers, etc. Influenced by the painting of flowers and birds in the painting academy in the Song Dynasty, the shape of the pattern tended to be realistic, and the composition was tight. , During the Yuan Dynasty
The costumes of Liao, Gold, Gold, and Yuan Dynasties not only followed the Han Dynasty's dress system, but also the characteristics of their own nation
The costumes of Liao, Jin, and Yuan Dynasty have a common feature, which not only follows the Han and Tang dynasties. The dress system with the Song Dynasty also has the characteristics of its own nation. Most of the men's clothing of Liaoning and Jin is mostly round neck and sleeves, with uniform boots or pointed boots, pants, and waist bands. Men in the Yuan Dynasty. The costumes include the round neck of the Han nationality, the intersection robe, and the grandson of the nation. The shape of the nation is similar to the deep clothes. It is like today's pleated skirt with horizontal pupa on the waist. The collar type has a right -handed collar, square collar, and disk collar. Wear small pants, wears seam boots. Lord. In addition, the Yuan Dynasty costumes have changed significantly. Due to the widespread planting of cotton, cotton cloth becomes the main variety of clothing materials. Heilongjiang, Songhua River Basin and Changbai Mountain areas, until the Sui and Tang dynasties, lived a clan tribe based on fishing and hunting. The leader of the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry established a slavery regime in Huining (now Acheng County, Heilongjiang) near the tiger water. The national name was "gold". Later Finally captured Emperor Liao Tianyu in 1125 to completely overthrow the rule of Liaoning. That is, the New Year's Eve, Jin Taizong Wu Qi Buy (that is, Yan Sheng) sent troops to south to pound the Song Dynasty, and he wanted gold, silver, cattle and horses, and satin thousands of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds. Wan, and ceded Taiyuan, Zhongshan, Hejian and other towns. Faced with the decaying Song Dynasty, Jin Bing thought it was organic, but he passed the Yellow River in half a year, surrounded the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and took the emperor, concubine, and hundred workers. Robbing treasure ancient artifacts. After a few years of confrontation with the Southern Song Dynasty, they were The Mongolian army was destroyed.
This is still white, thinking that white is clean, and at the same time, it is also related to the cold and snowy days and the skin of the skin. The rich takes more mink and green rats, foxes, lambs, and the poor are served with fur, horses, pupa, dogs, and 麇. Summer uses silk and Jinluo as a shirt. Men's braids are drooping their shoulders, women's braids are also having hair, but the style is different from Liaoning. Earlobe gold and silver bead jade is decorated. The woman wears a black or purple skirt with a group shirt, straight collar, left, and a black skirt, and the golden branches are embroidered on the skirt. It is also a slightly different from the Han style, most of which are color columns, and they are brushed to the ground. "Renewal and Tongzhong Jian" contains: "The gold master between the main roads says that the claims of the court, 'today's swallow drinks, the music is all learned from the Han style, and it is not good." From this point of view, the nation is wrong. Between the living, sometimes the affected by each other is a mix of customs, which is for the general trend, not one or two people can reverse at will.
The golden people are still cremating, so there are not many leftovers. The analysis of the clothing painted from the Golden Man "Wen Ji Return to Han Tu" should be painted by Xi Shang at the time. Time characteristics. Wearing a mink hat, a ring of ears, a long braid on each ears, a half -sleeve on the upper body, a straight collar inside, a high -footed boots, and a neck surrounded by cloud shoulders. In 1988, dozens of men and women's silk fabrics were unearthed from the tomb of King Jinqi, Giantyuan Township, Acheng, Heilongjiang Province. The workmanship showed a strong workmanship and showed a strong northern ethnic characteristics. Among them, one pair of embroidered shoes, 23 cm long, with camel Luo and green Luo, embroidered branches of Xingcao pattern, the toe is slightly pointed, and upturned. The soles of the hemp are thicker, and the soles are lined with beige dark flowers.
Carn inheritance in the Ming Dynasty clothing inherited the previous generation.
The costumes of the Ming Dynasty were generally followed by the Tang system, but some styles in the form of Song and Yuan clothing were also retained.
Puzu Zhu Yuanzhang restricted the color of clothing, and established the grade. After the Yuan Dynasty, after the Yuan Dynasty, the French Zhou, Han, Tang, and Song Dynasty, the color of the service was still red. Officials are respected by red. At that time, it was also determined that the three colors of Xuan, Huang, and Purple were dedicated to the royal family, and the easy -to -approach clothing of the officials was not allowed to use these three colors.
The decorative pattern of clothing requires the unity of beauty and content auspiciousness, which is the characteristic of my country's clothing art. Since the development of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, with the development of science, the tendency of reflection of ideology in the field of decorative art has become increasingly strengthened. The political ethics, moral concepts, value concepts, and religious concepts of society are combined with the image of decorative patterns to express a certain degree of performance. Specific meaning is almost intentional, and the meaning must be auspicious. Later, the pattern industry called them "auspicious patterns". Auspicious patterns use symbols, meaning, comparison, table number, harmony, text and other methods to express its ideological and meaning.
As a cultural form, clothing runs through the history of ancient China. From the evolution of clothing, we can see the changes in history, the development of the economy, and the change of the aesthetic awareness of Chinese culture. Whether it is the "majestic and solemn" of Shang, Zhou's "order", the "freshness" of the Warring States Period, the "dignity" of Han, the "thin and gorgeous" of the Tang Dynasty, the "rational beauty" of the Tang Dynasty, the "rational beauty" of Song The "tough and magnificent", the bright "thick and beautiful", and the "delicateness" of the clear, all reflect the aesthetic design tendency and ideological connotation of the ancient Chinese. However, the aesthetic design tendency and aesthetic consciousness of a certain period are not produced by out of thin air. It must be rooted in a specific era. In the chaotic and complex social real life, only this specific aesthetic consciousness is placed in a specific social and historical context In addition to investigation, it can see its original appearance.
. The order of order -from the Summer Solstice Western Zhou Dynasty
The weekly dynasty as the strongest slavery dynasty, in order to consolidate the rule, it has formulated a very detailed set of etiquette to regulate the society, stabilize the world in the world, and stabilize the world. Essence It is manifested in clothing. If you wear different clothes in different occasions, there are sacrifice dresses, suits, consumers, funeral clothes, wedding dresses. These clothing strictly distinguishes the difference between Tianzi and bureaucrats, nobles, and civilians, forming a set of crowning system models, affecting the costume culture of feudal society since the Zhou Dynasty. Since then, the clothing has begun to identify the social role of everyone in order to "divide the expensive and cheap, don't wait for power."
Western Zhou clothing
. From hundreds of flowers to the same -the consensus — the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods to the Qin and Han dynasties
The rise of the seven kingdoms during the Warring States Period, each independent. In terms of clothing, each shows its local style and cultural style, in the state of "all flowers", showing a gorgeous and colorful scene. For example, Chunshen Jun's 3,000 diners are all beads with Zhu Qun; Plain Jun Holy Palace is hundreds of, and the concubines are covered with Qi Ganyan; the guards of the guard palace wearing black coats; Fang Ling, and so on. With the unity of the country during the Qin and Han dynasties, the costume style gradually became consistent. In the second year of Emperor Yongping of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a system of sacrifice service system and service system were re -formulated, forming a formal complete and complete crown service system.
three, Hu Han blend -Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties
The period of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Southern Dynasties, part of China collapsed. It is precisely because of the war, the nomadic culture of the northern nation, the collision and integration of the culture of the western region and the Han culture, making Chinese clothing culture enter a period of pursuing fashion, Hu Han blending, and uniforms. At this time, because a large number of Hu people moved to the Central Plains to live, Hu Fu became a fashionable costume at that time. The tight, round neck, and split in Hanfu are the characteristics of the Hu Fu. At the same time, due to the influence of advanced Han culture and atmosphere, all ethnic groups in the Northern Dynasties have promoted the Chinese movement and admired the Han clothing clothing, forming the situation of "all ministers all serve the Han and Wei clothing".
. The open romance and colorful -during the period of the Fifth Dynasties of the Sui and Tang Dynasties
The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of the feudal society in my country. Romantic Tang Dynasty costume. In particular, women's clothing in the Tang Dynasty was the best among all ages. The women's clothing in the Tang Dynasty was bright in color, graceful shape, and magnificent dress and accessories. Such as the long scarf "帔" on the shoulder on the shirt and skirt. There are also special short -sleeved and half -arm shirts, wearing outside the gown. This dress makes the Tang Dynasty women's clothing formed very open -chest, naked arms, gauze, big sleeves, long skirts and other extremely open styles.
five. Simply and conservative -the Song Dynasty
The rulers of the Song Dynasty paid attention to the governance, and tried to respect Cheng Zhu Lixue. The purpose is to remove any consciousness of people. This concept of science affects people's dress, which has made the Song Dynasty's clothing changing the characteristics of Tang Dynasty's clothing and magnificent, magnificent and magnificent. The clothing shape is closed and restrained. The color is serious and elegant, and the color tone tends to be single. In addition, during the Song Dynasty, the sides continued to suffer, the weak and incompetent of the ruler, the growth of the bureaucratic team and the army, and forming a situation of poverty and weakness. To this end, the ruler's three orders were required to be simple and indifferent to the extravagance, thus forming a rustic in the future. The elegance is the aesthetic standard for the generation.
6. Different places Hufeng —
. As another climax of ethnic integration in ancient history, the costumes of this period not only reflect the characteristics of the nomadic people, but also have a fusion color. Most of the clothing uses wool fabrics and is simple and practical, and it is easy to fight immediately. The party's women women have more lapels; the Khitan and Jurchen family generally wear narrow -sleeved round neck knee coats, with long boots. The Yuan service absorbs the form of the Song service. The official service style is special in narrow sleeves, collar, and sewing, which is unique.
Seven. Inheritance innovation —
Zhu Yuanzhang unified the world and established the Daming Empire. First of all, the Hu clothes were forbidden, and then in the name of Ming Taizu: the clothing crown was as well as the Tang Dynasty. There are also regulations on the people's men's clothing. Adults wear large and long -standing long clothes, and wearing square towels on their heads.
The on the eve of the transformation of ancient civilization to modern civilization in the Qing Dynasty, it was also the largest era in the history of clothing. The premise of ladies' cheongsam. The Qing Dynasty was a era of integration of Manchu culture. Since the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Manchu and Han each have been imitated. In the later period, the Manchu ethnic groups followed the popularity of the Han nationality, and even the history books had a record of "Most of the Banners changed the Chinese dress, and the robe was cut as short clothes."
The most important changes in clothing during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are the extensive popularity of deep clothes and the emergence of Hu clothing. The war during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period promoted the reform of the Han people's wide clothes and long skirts and robes. For the combat effectiveness of the army, King Zhao Wuling broke through the resistance and ordered the short trousers of nomadic nomads across the country to learn riding and shooting. Finally, Zhao Guo was strong. This is the first clothing reform in Chinese history, and Hu Fu has prevailed. With Hu Fu, there is also a hook, which is used to end the leather belt. Because it is more convenient than the knotting method of the leather belt, it will soon become popular.
The knowledge: "Hu" is a vague term. In different historical periods, sometimes it refers to the Huns, sometimes refers to the nomads from northeast to northwest, and sometimes even wider. Therefore, Hu clothing refers to the clothing of northern nomads in China. For the needs of nomadic riding, they wear narrow sleeves, trousers and boots. Shen Kuo said: "The crown of China has been using Hu clothes since the Northern Qi." The word "full", or the words are a bit too much, but the development of Hu Fu's development of Han clothing does have a huge impact. The costumes of the Liao, Gold, and Golden period are not only attacked the Han Dynasty's dress system, but also the characteristics of the nation. With the characteristics of the nation. Most of the men's clothing of the Liao Jin is a round neck, a lack of sleeves, wearing uniform boots or pointed boots, wearing pants, and waist bands. The costumes of men in the Yuan Dynasty include Han's round neck and intersection robe, as well as the grandson of the nation. Its shape is similar to deep clothes, narrow sleeves, short clothes, and under knee. Fold, shaped like today's pleated skirt, and also adds horizontal pupa on the waist. The collar type has the right -handed collar, square collar and disk collar. Put on small pants underneath, feet and seam boots. The color is white, blue, and 主. In addition, the Yuan Dynasty costumes have changed significantly in materials. Due to the widespread planting of cotton, cotton cloth has become the main variety of clothing materials. Inheriting the previous generation in the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty clothing had a greater impact on modern times?
The costumes of the Ming Dynasty were generally followed by the Tang system, but some styles in the form of Song and Yuan clothing were also retained. The Qing Dynasty's clothing had a greater influence on the form of modern costumes. Different from any dynasty in the past, the Qing Dynasty was a dynasty, which mainly replaced the Han clothing, which was completely replaced by ethnic minority clothing. Han clothing gradually faded out of the historical stage. The Qing Dynasty men's clothing can be divided into two types: Manchu national costume; foreign and western clothing. The style of the Qing dynasty robe is changed on the basis of the Manchu tradition and absorbed the characteristics of Han clothing. Generally, the sleeves are relatively narrow and thin, and the dress is arrow sleeve, also known as horseshoe sleeves. The robe body is tied with buttons. The right placket, the round neck mouth. The robe of the royal family has the front and back of the four, and the man can only open the anger left and right. Horse hanging is a unique full -style clothing in the Qing Dynasty. Its style is mostly round neck, including plackets, plackets, pipa plackets and other styles. There are long -sleeved, short -sleeved, large sleeves, and narrow sleeves, but they are flat cuffs. It was not until the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Revolution of 1911 that China's clothing has changed significantly, entering the stage of modern clothing development.